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What is Strabismus? How is it treated? - Dr. Sriram Ramalingam

What is Strabismus? How is it treated? - Dr. Sriram Ramalingam Strabismus is a visual problem in the eye. In this one of the eye is not aligned straight. One eye may look straight and the other eye look inwards which is called as esotropia, look outwards called exotropia, may look upward called as hypertropia or look downward called as hypotropia. Strabismus is a very common condition. 4 out of 5 children born may have Strabismus or some form of Strabismus. What are the causes? Children with prematurity Down’s syndrome, or any other form of congenital abnormalities can form Strabismus. It can develop high refractive errors in one or both the eyes. Usually there are 6 muscles in each eye. There are 12 muscles in the eye that work in unison. When there is an imbalance in these muscles then the person develops a Strabismus. The brain develops a depth perception or a 3 dimensional vision. Over a period of time if Strabismus is not corrected the eye that is looking outwards will develop Ambylopia, or lazy eye the brain starts ignoring the image front his eye. So this leads to lazy eye. To correct that it needs a surgery. COngential or by birth Strabismus can develop, that is seen after 6 months, when child is able to see clearly hen child is having a squint it is called a s infantile esotropia. Esotropia can develop after two and a half years of age. Called as accommodative esotropia. These are because of high refractive error or far sightedness. With the glasses if this is not corrected it might require esotropia surgery. Exotropia or intermittent divergent squint, is where the eye may starts deviating outwards occasionally when chid is day dreaming, and will require immediate surgery to align the eye but an intermittent divergent squint can wait or if child is not able to control the squint then one has to go ahead and do the esotropia surgery. So the esotropia surgeon will tell if it can be corrected or needs glasses or wait and watch.

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