How to Read and Understand Graphs and Charts: Introduction, Displacement and Velocity

This is the first video in a new series on learning how to read, understand and extract information from graphs and charts. We start off with a simple line chart, and we’ll consider the axes, the units of the metrics in play and how to use them to reconstruct the practical situation represented by the graph. We will cover increasingly complex topics like proportional charts, correlation, limits, derivatives and integrals in future videos, so please subscribe if you’d like to see more. Also, let me know in the comments if there are specific topics related to graphs you would like me to cover.

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I remember one day a long time ago helping a classmate with some graph problems before a test. At one point he became frustrated and exclaimed: “How are we supposed to learn all these graphs!” I answered him with “We aren’t. We’re supposed to learn how to read them.” Once you know how to read graphs in general, you can figure out the practical meaning behind any number of them, from various fields of study, by applying the skill rather than an attempt at memorization.
So, here we have our first graph – quite a simple line chart. We’re only going to work with straight-line segments for now, no curves yet. On the left and the bottom, we have our axes, and each one is expressed in a certain unit. The axis on the left is usually called the y-axis, and it represents displacement in meters in this example. The one on the bottom is usually called the x-axis, and it represents time in seconds. The point where the axes cross is called the origin, and in our case it’s the point x=0, y=0. As you go right on the x-axis time increases, and as you go up on the y-axis displacement increases. So, what do all these line segments on the graph mean? Let’s visualize it using an example without the mathematics first, and then we’ll take another walkthrough while performing some calculations.

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